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SpendTheBits

Security & recovery · 4 min read

How to set up social recovery with guardians

Short answer

To set up social recovery, open Settings → Recovery, choose your guardians, and pick an M-of-N threshold — for example three of five. Your secret is split into encrypted shares distributed to those guardians, and recovery requires the threshold number of them to cooperate. The backend only ever stores ciphertext, so neither we nor any single guardian can reconstruct your wallet alone.

Social recovery answers the objection that self-custody has no safety net. It gives you a second, independent route back into the wallet without giving anybody custody of it, which a backup copy of your phrase in someone else's hands would.

Choose guardians who are unlikely to fail together. Five people in the same household is a lower threshold than it looks.

Configure guardians

  1. 1

    Open Settings → Recovery → Social recovery.

  2. 2

    Add your guardians.

    Pick people you can reach independently and who would not all be affected by the same event.

  3. 3

    Set the threshold.

    A higher threshold is harder for an attacker to reach and harder for you to reach. Three of five is a common balance.

  4. 4

    Confirm and let each guardian accept their share.

  5. 5

    Note that the passphrase is deliberately handled out-of-band.

    If you use one, guardians recovering the shares still cannot open the wallet without it. That is the design, not an oversight.

  6. 6

    Review your guardian list occasionally.

    Relationships and phone numbers change; a guardian you cannot reach is not a guardian.

Good to know

  • Recovery can be initiated by you or by guardians, and an owner-initiated cancellation stops a recovery in progress — which is the defence against guardians colluding against you.
  • Guardians hold shares, not your phrase. A single guardian's share reveals nothing.
  • Social recovery is a complement to a written phrase backup, not a replacement for it.

Frequently asked

Not individually — a share on its own is useless. A threshold number of them colluding could start a recovery, which is why you are notified and can cancel it, and why a passphrase you never shared remains a separate barrier.

No. The backend stores ciphertext only, and holds no key that would decrypt it.

That is what the threshold is for: M of N means you can lose up to N minus M guardians and still recover. Replace a lost guardian when it happens rather than waiting until you need them.

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